diff --git a/test_rand_gemm.py b/test_rand_gemm.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a5f60ee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_rand_gemm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""Test: random data at small dimensions to check if non-uniform SF breaks it."""
+import torch
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, 'src')
+
+from nvfp4_megamoe_kernel.cutlass_nvfp4_gemm.kernel import cutlass_nvfp4_blockscaled_gemm
+from nvfp4_megamoe_kernel.nvfp4_mega_moe import _quantize_to_e2m1, _E2M1_MAGNITUDES
+
+torch.manual_seed(42)
+device = "cuda"
+
+def test(M, N, K, label):
+    K_half = K // 2
+    x_bf16 = torch.randn(M, K, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device) * 2.0
+    w_bf16 = torch.randn(K, N, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device) * 0.5
+    
+    x_fp4, x_sf = _quantize_to_e2m1(x_bf16.float())
+    w_fp4, w_sf = _quantize_to_e2m1(w_bf16.T.float())
+    w_fp4 = w_fp4.T
+    w_sf = w_sf.T
+    
+    # Dequant reference
+    def dequant_a(fp4, sf, M, K):
+        u8 = fp4.view(torch.uint8)
+        lo = (u8 & 0x0F).long()
+        hi = ((u8 >> 4) & 0x0F).long()
+        nib = torch.stack([lo, hi], dim=-1).reshape(M, -1)
+        signs = (nib >> 3).float() * -2 + 1
+        mags = _E2M1_MAGNITUDES.to(device)[(nib & 0x07)]
+        sf_exp = sf.to(torch.float32).repeat_interleave(16, dim=-1)
+        return (signs * mags * sf_exp).to(torch.bfloat16)
+    
+    def dequant_b(fp4, sf, K, N):
+        u8 = fp4.view(torch.uint8)
+        lo = (u8 & 0x0F).long()
+        hi = ((u8 >> 4) & 0x0F).long()
+        nib = torch.stack([lo, hi], dim=-1).reshape(u8.shape[0]*2, u8.shape[1])
+        signs = (nib >> 3).float() * -2 + 1
+        mags = _E2M1_MAGNITUDES.to(device)[(nib & 0x07)]
+        sf_exp = sf.to(torch.float32).repeat_interleave(16, dim=0)
+        return (signs * mags * sf_exp).to(torch.bfloat16)
+    
+    x_recon = dequant_a(x_fp4, x_sf, M, K)
+    w_recon = dequant_b(w_fp4, w_sf, K, N)
+    quant_ref = torch.nn.functional.linear(x_recon, w_recon.T)
+    
+    nvfp4_out = cutlass_nvfp4_blockscaled_gemm(x_fp4, x_sf, w_fp4, w_sf, M, N, K, alpha=1.0)
+    
+    cos = torch.nn.functional.cosine_similarity(nvfp4_out.float(), quant_ref.float(), dim=-1).mean().item()
+    mse = (nvfp4_out.float() - quant_ref.float()).pow(2).mean().item()
+    print(f"{label}: M={M} N={N} K={K} cosine={cos:.6f} mse={mse:.4e}")
+
+# All at N=32, K=32 (same as the working all-ones test)
+test(1, 32, 32, "RAND-TINY")
+test(4, 32, 32, "RAND-M4")
+test(128, 32, 32, "RAND-M128")
+
+# Bigger
+test(1, 128, 256, "RAND-128x256")
+test(1, 256, 512, "RAND-256x512")
+test(128, 256, 512, "RAND-128x256x512")
+
+# Test with alpha != 1.0
+print("\n--- alpha test ---")
+M, N, K = 1, 32, 32
+x_bf16 = torch.randn(M, K, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device) * 2.0
+w_bf16 = torch.randn(K, N, dtype=torch.bfloat16, device=device) * 0.5
+x_fp4, x_sf = _quantize_to_e2m1(x_bf16.float())
+w_fp4, w_sf = _quantize_to_e2m1(w_bf16.T.float())
+w_fp4 = w_fp4.T; w_sf = w_sf.T
+
+x_recon = dequant_a(x_fp4, x_sf, M, K)
+w_recon = dequant_b(w_fp4, w_sf, K, N)
+quant_ref = torch.nn.functional.linear(x_recon, w_recon.T)
+
+for alpha in [1.0, 0.5, 2.0, 1e-3, 4.6e-5]:
+    nvfp4_out = cutlass_nvfp4_blockscaled_gemm(x_fp4, x_sf, w_fp4, w_sf, M, N, K, alpha=alpha)
+    ref_scaled = quant_ref * alpha
+    cos = torch.nn.functional.cosine_similarity(nvfp4_out.float(), ref_scaled.float(), dim=-1).item()
+    print(f"  alpha={alpha:.1e} cosine={cos:.6f}")